Interview Questions

MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) known for its reliability, ease of use, and strong community support.
MyISAM is suitable for read-heavy operations, while InnoDB is better for write-intensive tasks due to its support for transactions and foreign keys.
Use indexes, avoid SELECT * queries, optimize joins, and use EXPLAIN to analyze query execution plans.
EXPLAIN is used to analyze and optimize the execution plan of a SELECT query, showing details about how MySQL executes the query.
Normalization is the process of organizing data to minimize redundancy and dependency. It improves data integrity and reduces data anomalies.
ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. It ensures that database transactions are processed reliably.
Use mysqldump for backup and the mysql command for restoration. Alternatively, tools like MySQL Workbench can simplify these tasks.
CHAR is a fixed-length string, while VARCHAR is a variable-length string. CHAR pads the data with spaces, whereas VARCHAR stores only the actual data.
The PRIMARY KEY constraint uniquely identifies each record in a table and ensures data integrity by preventing duplicate entries.
A foreign key establishes a link between two tables, enforcing referential integrity and ensuring that values in one table correspond to values in another.

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